2011年8月4日 星期四

Spring was coldest on record, UW researcher says

All that collective griping about the weather just got validated by some cold facts: The spring of 2011 was the chilliest on record for the state.

James Johnstone, a research associate with the Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean in the UW College of the Environment, said the average high temperature from April through June was 60.4 degrees Fahrenheit, beating the previous average of 61.6 degrees in 1955.

The average high temperature for the period since 1900 is 65.6 degrees.

“The people who have been complaining about the weather have had a right to complain,” said Nick Bond, a UW research meteorologist and the state climatologist. “I rather like it, but that’s my own character flaw.”

While the state shivered through the coldest spring on record, Seattle didn’t have it quite so bad. It was just the second-coldest spring on record, with an average high temperature of 60.4 degrees. Only 1920, with a daily average high of 59.6 degrees, was colder.

And it gets worse for the Emerald City: The past two springs were the cloudiest since measurements started 50 years ago.

“We were still getting wintertime cloud cover into late June, which is the most remarkable aspect to me,” Johnstone said.

According to Johnstone, the period from April through June averaged 18.6 hours per day of at least 50 percent cloud cover. Last year was worse, with 19.1 hours per day.

Is it something Seattleites should get used to?

“I think it’s just a run of two bad springs in a row,” Johnstone said. “I wouldn’t expect it to happen again and again and again.”

評論:

宋·晏殊《浣溪沙》词:“无可奈何花落去,似曾相识燕归来,小园香径独徘徊。”

美國西雅圖創下了從1900~2011年以來,春季的第二最低溫紀錄(4月到6月), 平均只有華氏60.4度。從1900年以來的春季平均溫度為華氏65.6度。只有1920年比較低,那時的溫度為華氏59.6度。以上是由美國華盛頓大學大氣海洋學系James Johnstone所做的研究報告。

Johnstone在他的報告中同時也提到,即使到了6月中,西雅圖仍然被冬季的雲所籠罩。在四月到六月中,每天大概有18.6小時天空有50%被冬季的雲所籠罩。而在去年更糟,每天大概有19.1小時。連續兩年的冷冬。

這一切都似曾相似,為什麼呢?目前我們帝球的氣候已經逐漸變成夏天愈熱,冬天愈冷。春天和秋天愈來愈不明顯。氣候有極端化的傾向。這跟過去歐洲在1000~1300年的溫暖期氣候後期極為相似。那時的歐洲正值溫暖期,整個歐洲的氣溫比現在高出1.5~2度。但在溫暖期的最後,氣候開始極端化,夏天愈來愈熱,冬天愈來愈冷。持續了一陣子之後,到達了一個臨界點,地球開始步入冰河期。

目前我們的地球氣候,不就正跟那時後的紀錄有點相似嗎?那接下來的氣候走向呢?我相信歷史已經給出答案了。

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